Cochin - Cocktails of Cultures科钦-鸡尾酒文化

Article source: http://www.tilecart.com/ . 文章来源： http://www.tilecart.com/ 。 Used with author's permission. 用作者的许可。

Eulogised as the Queen of the Arabian Sea, Cochin, Kerala's commercial capital is an anachronism. Eulogised作为女王的阿拉伯海，科钦，喀拉拉邦的商业资本是一个时代错误。 The dashing metropolitan city prides itself on a historical heritage stretching back to ancient times and embracing within its far reaching hold, cultures as diverse as Hindu, Chinese, Arab, Jewish, Syrian Christian, Portuguese, Dutch and English.的破灭都会感到自豪的历史遗产伸展源远流长，拥抱在其影响深远的举行，文化等不同印度教，中国，阿拉伯，犹太，叙利亚基督教，葡萄牙语，荷兰语和英语。 One of the finest harbours in the world, nature has generously endowed Cochin with clear lagoons, emerald plantations and sprawling beaches whose splendour is perfectly complimented by forts, palaces, temples, museums, old churches, and today, modern sky rises.一个优良的海港，世界，大自然慷慨赋予交趾陶明确泻湖，翠绿园和庞大的海滩的辉煌完全是恭维的城堡，宫殿，寺庙，博物馆，旧教堂，而今天，现代化的天空上升。

Essentially a collection of islands and jutting peninsulas, Cochin is made up of Ernakulam, Willingdon Island, Mattancherry and Fort Kochi.基本上是一个收集jutting岛屿和半岛，交趾陶是由安那库林区，威岛，炮台Mattancherry和高知县。 Ernakulam, the business centre comprises the mainland, separated from Fort-Kochi and Mattancherry by the Periyar River, while the man-made island of Willingdon lies between Ernakulam and Mattancherry.安那库林区，商业中心，包括大陆，脱离堡高知县和Mattancherry的贝里亚尔河，而人工岛的威位于安那库林区和Mattancherry 。 An international airport and seaport connects Cochin with the great world outside and an efficient internal network of roads, railways and water works keeps the city machinery moving.一个国际机场和海港连接科钦的巨大外部世界和有效的内部网络的公路，铁路和供水工程使城市机械感人。

However it is its social and cultural extravagance, rather than the physical, that distinguishes Cochin amongst other unique Indian cities.然而，它是社会和文化奢侈，而不是有形的，区别于其它交趾陶独特的印度城市。 Graced with a port that enjoyed optimum exposure to foreign influences, Cochin has developed into a rare mishmash of influences: Here is where you'll find the oldest European church in India St. Francis Church.交织的一个港口享有最佳的接触到外国的影响，科钦已发展成为一种罕见的混杂因素的影响：在这里你会发现欧洲最古老的教堂在印度的圣弗朗西斯教堂。 Here is also where a 16th century synagogue provides spiritual succor to a thriving, if miniscule, community of Jews.这里也是一个16世纪的一座犹太教堂的精神救助提供了一个欣欣向荣的，如果微乎其微，社区的犹太人。 Besides, Cochin showcases Hindu Temples, a Portuguese palace (presented to a Hindu Raja and renovated by the Dutch!), forts, streets and shops in a delightful tapestry that often blurs the individual threads.此外，科钦展示印度教寺庙，一名葡萄牙总统府（提交给一个印度教拉贾和装修由荷兰！ ） ， 1250个街道和商店在一个愉快的挂毯，往往模糊了个人线程。 So much so that the origin of its name remains a mystery.以至于起源的名称仍然是一个谜。 Believed to be a modification of 'Cochazi' or 'small sea' in Malayalam, it could as well have been the Chinese traders from the court of Kublai Khan who named it 'Kochi' after their homeland - Cochin is almost the only place in the world where you can see the quaint Chinese fishing nets outside China.相信修改' Cochazi '或'小海'的马拉雅拉姆语，它可能也一直是中国商人从法院忽必烈谁命名为'高知'后，自己的家园-科钦几乎是唯一的世界里，你可以看到古朴中国渔网中国境外。

No mystery surrounds Cochin's rise to prominence as a port.周围没有任何神秘科钦的崛起，以突出的一个港口。 In 1340 AD, the world famous Kodugallur Port, just north of Cochin, was destroyed by flooding of the Periyar River.在公元1340年，世界著名的Kodugallur港，北部的科钦，被摧毁的洪水的贝里亚尔河。 Kodugallur's loss however, was Cochin's gain, as it soon assumed importance as a substitute port for carrying on the trade in spices such as cardamom, pepper, cloves and cinnamon. Kodugallur的损失然而，科钦的收获，因为它必须尽快承担作为替代港口进行贸易的香料如豆蔻，胡椒，丁香和桂皮。

While the Chinese and Arabs enjoyed trade with Cochin as much as 2000 years ago, Christians are said to have originated from the visit of the apostle St. Thomas himself and Jews are believed to have settled here in AD 388.虽然中国和阿拉伯人享有贸易科钦多达2000年前，基督徒据说源于访问使徒圣托马斯本人和犹太人被认为是解决公元这里388 。

In 1500, Pedro Alvares Cabral, a Portuguese navigator pioneered a settlement in Cochin.在1500年，佩德罗瓦雷斯卡布拉尔，葡萄牙航海家率先解决科钦。 Vasco de Gama established the first Portuguese company and in 1503 the Viceroy Alfonso de Albuquerque built a fort.瓦斯科达伽马建立了第一个公司和葡萄牙于1503总督方索德阿尔伯克基建立了一个堡垒。 The British, who took over Cochin in 1635, were driven out by the Dutch in 1663.英国，谁接手科钦在1635年，被赶出由荷兰在1663年。 In 1776, Cochin fell in the hands of Hyder Ali, but was lost by his son Tipu Sultan in1791. 1776年，科钦下跌手中的安诚阿里，但失去了他的儿子Tipu苏尔坦in1791 。 After passing through British hands again in 1795, the Dutch finally ceded Cochin in 1814.经过英国的手再次在1795年，荷兰终于科钦割让于1814年。

Such an influx of the Chinese, Arabs, British, Dutch and Portuguese, including great travelers like Fa Hien and Sir Robert Bristow gave rise to a flowering of commerce and culture in Cochin, making it a centre of cross cultural interactions.这种涌入的中国人，阿拉伯人，英国，荷兰和葡萄牙，其中包括伟大的旅客想发贤先生和罗伯特布里斯托引起了开花的商业和文化的科钦，使其成为中心的跨文化的相互作用。 The prosperous spice trade, of which all Cochin's racial and religious groups including Hindu, Muslim, Christian and Jewish minorities were beneficiaries as they shared in the city's prosperity, facilitated this.繁荣的香料贸易，其中所有的科钦的种族和宗教群体，包括印度教，穆斯林，基督教和犹太教的少数人受益，他们共同为城市的繁荣，推动这一点。

Off all these inhabitants of Cochin, the Jews are perhaps the most interesting.关闭所有这些居民的科钦，犹太人也许是最有趣的。 The oldest of the Jewish communities in India, and distinct from the much larger and more absorbed Bene-Israel Community of Maharashtra, they are known to have been in India since more than a thousand years.最古老的犹太社区，印度和有别于更大和更吸收贝以色列共同体的马哈拉施特拉邦，知道他们已在印度有1000多年。 While their arrival in India has been speculated to occur around the time of the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 BC, others speculate it to coincide with the Assyrian exile in 722 BC or Babylonian exile in 586, or even from the era of King Solomon himself.虽然他们在抵达印度一直猜测周围发生的时候，破坏了第二圣殿在70年代，另一些猜测它以配合亚述人流亡在公元前722或巴比伦流亡在586 ，甚至从时代的所罗门王本人。

Persecuted by the Moors and later the Portuguese, many Indian Jews settled in Cochin under the protection of Cheraman Parumal known to the Portuguese as the "King of the Jews", where they prospered.受迫害的摩尔和后来的葡萄牙，印度的许多犹太人定居在科钦的保护下Cheraman Parumal众所周知，葡萄牙为“国王的犹太人” ，他们在那里繁衍。 Today however only a handful of Jews remain in Cochin, where the Pardesi Synagogue in Jew Street stands testimony to better times enjoyed by the community.但是今天只有少数的犹太人留在科钦，那里的Pardesi在犹太人会堂街站的证词，以更好地时代所享有的社会。

Jew Street remains one of the lasting anachronisms of Cochin.犹太人街仍是一个持久的过时的科钦。 A corner of the city where the earlier Jewish traders had their establishments, the ancient cobbled street lying between rows of old timber wood buildings is almost medieval.一个角落里的城市，早期犹太商人有其场所，古老的鹅卵石街道低洼行之间的旧木材的木材建筑物几乎是中世纪的。 Shops selling different varieties of spices still exist here and the combined fragrance of these condiments hangs heavy in the air.商店出售不同种类的香料这里仍然存在合并后的香水这些调味品挂起重在空气中。 At the end of the street is the Jewish Synagogue also known as the Pardesi Synagogue.在街道的尾端是犹太教堂也被称为Pardesi犹太教堂。 An ancient structure built in 1664, it uses oil-burning chandeliers from the 19th century to light up the interior while blue and white hand-painted Cantonese tiles make up the flooring.一个古老的结构建于1664年，它使用燃油吊灯从19世纪照亮了室内，而蓝色和白色手绘瓷砖粤语弥补的地板。 The Torah - The Jewish scriptures- written on sheepskin scrolls are lovingly housed in ornate metal receptacles.在托拉-犹太经文写在羊皮卷轴的深情住在华丽的金属容器。

Cochin's charms remain timeless.科钦的魅力仍然是永恒的。

Print this page 打印此页

del.icio.us Digg Furl Reddit Feed Me Links Technorati Newsvine Socializer Stumble Upon Google Bookmarks Squidoo BlinkBits BlinkList blogmarks Netvouz Ma.gnolia RawSugar Rojo Simpy Spurl Shadows Wists Yahoo! Co.mments! Scuttle! del.icio.us Digg的 卷 Reddit 饲料我联系 Technorati的 Newsvine Socializer 失败后 谷歌书签 Squidoo BlinkBits BlinkList blogmarks Netvouz Ma.gnolia RawSugar 罗霍 Simpy Spurl 阴影 Wists 雅虎 Co.mments ！ 破坏！