Maples for Autumn Colour枫树秋的颜色

Article source: http://www.liquidcreative.co.uk/ . 文章来源： http://www.liquidcreative.co.uk/ 。 Used with author's permission. 用作者的许可。

As the weather cools in late summer and the days shorten noticeably so the deciduous trees and shrubs begin to withdraw chlorophyll from their leaves in preparation for the winter shutdown.由于天气变冷，在夏末和天缩短明显，所以落叶的树木和灌木开始撤回叶绿素从他们的叶片在准备冬季关闭。 With less of that vital green pigment to mask them, the other colours within the leaves begin to show through.不足这一重要的绿色色素以掩盖他们，其他的色彩，内部叶片开始显示通过。 While the best of the autumn color may be over for this year, the coming winter months are the time to consider how best to prepare for next years autumn glory.而最好的秋天的颜色可能会超过这一年，即将到来的冬季个月的时间考虑如何以最佳方式准备在明年年秋季的辉煌。

When it comes to the most vibrant tones, the genus Acer, the maples, includes many sterling contributors.当谈到最活跃的铃声，属宏基，枫树，包含了许多英镑贡献者。 Most of the 150-odd species of maples are deciduous trees, though some are shrubby and a few are evergreen. Acer is primarily a temperate northern hemisphere genus, ranging from around 59°N southwards to the mountains of the subtropics.大部分的150多个品种的枫树，是落叶的树木，虽然有些是灌木和少数是常绿。 宏基主要是北半球温带属，包括来自各地的59 ° n向南向山区亚热带。 With the exception of a few Eurasian species, principally the Norway Maple ( Acer platanoides ) and the Sycamore Maple ( Acer pseudoplatanus ), most of our garden maples are derived from Asian and North American species.与除少数几个欧亚种，主要是挪威枫树（ 宏基platanoides ）和西克莫枫树（ 宏基pseudoplatanus ） ，我们大部分的花园枫树是来自亚洲和北美的物种。

Maples do flower, but apart from a few with showy tassel-like blooms, most are grown solely as foliage plants, And while the thrust of this article is about autumn colour, many of the best autumn maples are also excellent spring and summer foliage plants.枫树做的花，但除了少数与花架子雄穗般的花朵，大多是成长仅作为观叶植物，而推力这篇文章是关于秋天的肤色，许多最好的秋天枫树也有出色的春季和夏季观叶植物。

Of course, getting good autumn colours depends greatly on the climate and the shades vary from year to year even in districts known for their autumn foliage.当然，获得良好的秋天的颜色在很大程度上取决于气候和形形色色的不同，每年即使在地区已知为他们的秋季赏叶。 Generally the best colours develop during a prolonged autumn with warm, still days and cool but not freezing nights.一般来说，最佳色彩发展期间，长期以热烈的秋天，天仍是冷静的但不是冻结夜。 Soon after the first frosts strike the last leaves fall.后不久，首次霜冻罢工，最后叶片下降。

Although most maples colour to some extent in autumn, the following species and their cultivars are readily available and among the brightest and most reliable.虽然大部分的枫树的颜色在一定程度上，在秋季，以下物种和他们的品种是现成的，其中最亮的和最可靠的。

Acer buergerianum 宏基buergerianum
Trident Maple三叉戟枫树
This 10-12 m tall, round-headed tree eastern China and Japan gets its common name from the leaves, which usually have three lobes.这10-12米，圆为首的树中国东部和日本得到其共同的名字从叶片，通常有三个叶。 The leaves are small and primarily red in autumn, with tints of orange and yellow.叶片小，主要是红色，在秋季，与色彩的橙色和黄色。

Acer cappadocicum 宏基cappadocicum
Caucasian Maple高加索枫树
Found from the Caucasus to northern India, broad-crowned, 15-20m tall tree is best known for its bright golden yellow autumn foliage.发现从高加索到印度北部，广泛的加冕， 15二十米高的树是最出名的光明金黄色秋季赏叶。 Cultivars include 'Aureum', with yellow foliage in spring and autumn, and 'Rubrum', which has bright red young stems and spring leaves.品种包括' aureum ' ，与黄河，赏叶，在春季和秋季，和' rubrum ' ，这鲜红的青年茎和叶片弹簧。

Acer davidii 宏基davidii
Snakebark Maple snakebark枫树
Best known for its white-striped and flecked green to purple bark, this 15 m tall Chinese species has 3-lobed or unlobed leaves that often colour brilliantly in red, gold and orange tones before falling.最出名的，其白色条纹和flecked绿色紫色树皮，这15米高的中国品种3 -波瓣或unlobed叶片，往往颜色出色，在红色，金色和橙色色调前下降。 'George Forrest' is a large-leaved cultivar. '乔治福雷斯特'是一个大叶品种。

Acer griseum 宏基griseum
Paperbark Maple paperbark枫树
Again, best known for its bark, which is warm brown and peeling, the foliage of this 5-10 m tall Chinese tree turns bright red in autumn.再次，最出名的，其树皮，这是温暖的布朗和剥离，叶本5-10米高的中国树轮流鲜红，在秋季。 Because of the red-brown bark, the foliage colour can seem muted and is perhaps best seen at a distance where the colour of the whole tree can be appreciated.因为红褐色的树皮，树叶的颜色，似乎可以静音和，也许是最好的看到在距离那里的颜色，整个树可以赞赏。

Acer japonicum 宏基日本血吸虫
Full-moon Maple全月球枫树
This slow-growing Japanese native is a small tree with tiered branches and 7-11-lobed leaves that can be almost round in some forms.这个生长缓慢，日本本土是一个很小的树与分层分行和7 - 11 -波瓣叶说，几乎可以全面在一些表格。 The autumn colour is a combination of bright red and yellow on a green background.秋天的颜色是一个结合鲜红色和黄色对绿色背景。 The Fernleaf Full-moon Maple, 'Aconitifolium', has very finely divided foliage reminiscent of aconite leaves.该fernleaf全月球枫树， ' aconitifolium ' ，具有非常精细分割，赏叶的回忆附子叶片。

The Golden Full-moon Maple ( Acer japonicum var. aureum ) has rounded lime green spring leaves that become yellow as they mature then turn golden and red in autumn.黄金全月球枫树（ 宏基日本血吸虫无功。 aureum ）四舍五入石灰绿色春天树叶成为黄色，因为他们成熟，然后把黄金和红色，在秋季。 It is now more properly known as Acer shirasawanum 'Aureum'.现在是更妥善称为宏基shirasawanum ' aureum ' 。

Acer palmatum 宏基掌
Japanese Maple日本枫树
Everyone knows the beautiful Japanese maple with its seemingly endless range of cultivars in every imaginable leaf shape and colour.大家都知道，美丽的日本枫树其似乎无休止的一系列的品种在所有你能想到的叶片形状和颜色。 Originally found in Japan and Korea, it has been highly refined and developed by both Japanese and Western gardeners.原本发现在日本和韩国，它已高度完善和发展双方的日本和西方的园丁。

Regardless of its preference for cool, humid conditions and a tendency to develop die-back, the Japanese maple is nearly everyone's favourite small tree.不论其偏好凉爽，潮湿的条件和发展趋势压铸回，日本枫树，是近人人喜爱的小树上。 The autumn foliage colour of the purple- or red-leaved forms is usually just a more intense shade of the summer colour, while those with green to pale gold leaves develop shades of red, orange, gold and yellow.秋季赏叶的颜色紫色-红色或阔叶形式，通常只是一个更激烈的树荫夏天的颜色，而那些与绿色，以苍白的黄金叶片发展，形形色色的红色，橙色，黄金和黄色。

For autumn colour consider: 'Bloodgood', deep red; 'Aureum', deep gold; 'Beni Kagami', bright red; 'Hessei', red; 'Dissectum', bright orange; 'Dissectum Atropurpureum', red; 'Linearilobum Atropurpureum', bronze; and 'Linearilobum Rubrum' bright red.秋季的颜色考虑： ' bloodgood ' ，深红色; ' aureum ' ，深金; '贝尼镜' ，鲜红色; ' hessei ' ，红色; ' dissectum ' ，明亮的橙色; ' dissectum atropurpureum ' ，红色; ' linearilobum atropurpureum ' ，青铜;和' linearilobum rubrum '鲜红色。

Acer platanoides 宏基platanoides
Norway Maple挪威枫树
Found from northern Europe to the Caucasus, the Norway maple is a strong-trunked, round-headed tree to 30 m tall, with 5-lobed leaves up to 18 cm wide.发现来自北欧到高加索，挪威枫树是强势集群，全面为首的树高30米，与5波瓣叶片长达18公分宽。 While the species has deep green leaves that rarely develop much colour before turning brown and falling, some of the cultivars offer brighter hues.而物种已深绿色叶片很少发展得多的颜色之前，布朗和下降，有些品种提供更加美好的色彩。 'Schwedleri', in particular, is a purple-green form that often reddens intensely in autumn. ' schwedleri ' ， ，尤其是紫色-绿表，往往reddens激烈，在秋季。 'Goldsworth Purple' can develop similar tones. ' goldsworth紫色'可以发展类似的铃声。

Acer rubrum 宏基rubrum
Red, Scarlet or Swamp Maple红色，红色或沼泽枫树
Native to the eastern United States, this fast-growing 20 m tall tree has 3-5-lobed leaves up to 10 cm wide that colour well in the autumn, developing intense red and gold tones.本土到美国东部，这一快速增长的20米高的树有3 - 5 -波瓣叶片长达10公分宽认为，肤色，以及在今年秋季，发展中国家激烈的红色和金色色调。 This species is occasionally tapped for its syrup.这个物种是偶尔挖掘其糖浆。 'Columnare' is a broadly columnar cultivar, not to be confused with A. platanoides 'Columnare'. ' columnare '是一个有广泛柱状品种，而不是混淆与甲platanoides ' columnare ' 。 'Red Sunset' has particularly good autumn foliage. '夕阳红'了，特别是良好的秋季赏叶。

Acer saccharinum 宏基saccharinum
Silver Maple银枫
Often confused with the sugar maple because of their similar botanical names, the Silver Maple is found over much of eastern North America, grows quickly to around 40m tall and has an open crown.往往混淆与糖枫树，因为他们的类似植物的名称，银枫树，发现大部分东部北美洲，生长迅速，身高约40米，并已开放的皇冠。 Its large leaves have silvery undersides and are red, orange or gold in autumn.其大型叶片的银白色undersides和红色，橙色或黄金，在秋季。

Acer saccharum 宏基甘蔗
Sugar Maple糖枫树
This species, widespread in North America, is both a timber tree and the source of maple syrup, which makes it the most commercially important maple.这种，普遍在北美，既是一个木材树和来源，枫糖浆，这使得它在商业上最重要的枫树。 As it was the pattern for the maple leaf on the Canadian flag you might think it would have red autumn leaves.因为这是格局为枫叶对加拿大国旗，你可能认为这将有红枫叶。 Well, sometimes it does, but it is very variable; sometimes red, other years orange, gold or combinations of colours.以及，有时它，但它是非常变量;有时红色，其他年份橙色，黄金或组合的颜色。

Acer tataricum 宏基tataricum
Tatarian Maple特特里安枫树
Found over much of the temperate northern hemisphere outside Europe, this 10m tall tree has rounded, toothed leaves that turn vivid shades of yellow, orange and red in autumn.发现大部分的北半球温带欧洲以外地区，这十米高的树已四舍五入，齿叶片变成生动鲜明的黄色，橙色和红色，在秋季。 The Amur Maple (Acer tataricum ssp. ginnala), from Siberia, northern China and northern Japan, is shrubby, extremely tolerant of wind and cold and has red autumn foliage.阿穆尔枫树（宏基tataricum过磷酸钙。 ginnala ） ，从西伯利亚，中国北部和日本北部，是灌木，非常宽容的风和冷，并已红色秋季赏叶。 It used to be classified as Acer ginnala, and is often still sold under that name.它用来被列为宏基ginnala ，而且常常仍下出售该名称。

Cultivation tips栽培要诀

Maples respond well to light winter pruning when young and are best shaped to a fairly round crown on a sturdy trunk.麦普斯反应良好，以轻冬季修剪时，年轻和最有各种形状，以一个相当一轮官方对坚固的主干。 Some, such as Acer palmatum, tend to be fairly shrubby with low forking and these are best left to develop naturally.一些，如宏基掌，也往往是相当低的灌木和分杈，这些都是最好留给自然发展。

Even though the exact autumn shades are difficult to predict and will vary from year to year, you won't go far wrong with maples.即使确实秋季色调是难以预料的会有所不同，从每年，您将不会大大不妥枫树。 They're beautiful enough in any season to forgive them their vagaries.他们很美丽的不够，在任何季节原谅他们的变幻莫测。

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